Chinese vs mandarin

Chinese

adj
  • As exotic, unusual, backwards, or unorganized as someone or something from China. 

  • Of, from, or related to China, particularly now the People's Republic of China. 

  • Of, from, or related to a language native to Han Chinese persons, often used generally of Chinese characters or particularly to refer to Standard Mandarin. 

  • Of, from, or related to the people of China, particularly the Han Chinese and their culture whether in China or overseas. 

noun
  • A person from China or of Chinese descent. 

  • Chinese cuisine. 

  • A meal consisting of Chinese cuisine. 

name
  • The branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family including Mandarin, Cantonese, Shanghainese, Minnan, and other closely related language varieties and dialects. 

  • The logographic writing system shared by most Sinitic languages. 

  • The Han Chinese, whether in China or overseas. 

  • The Standard Chinese language, written in Chinese characters and spoken and spelled using Standard Mandarin pronunciation. 

  • The citizens of China, particularly citizens of the People's Republic of China. 

mandarin

adj
  • Pertaining to or reminiscent of mandarins; deliberately superior or complex; esoteric, highbrow, obscurantist. 

noun
  • A high government bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire. 

  • A pedantic or elitist bureaucrat. 

  • A small, sweet citrus fruit. 

  • A tree of the species Citrus reticulata. 

  • A senior civil servant. 

  • An orange colour. 

  • A pedantic senior person of influence in academia or literary circles. 

How often have the words Chinese and mandarin occurred in a corpus of books? (source: Google Ngram Viewer )