A Eurasian species of louse fly in the family Hippoboscidae, Lipoptena cervi; parasites of elk, deer and other bovine animals, sucking blood and laying eggs in the fur of the host animals.
A gold- or green-eyed horsefly of the genus Chrysops in the family Tabanidae; pests to cattle, horses and humans, feeding on their blood.
A Eurasian species of louse fly in the family Hippoboscidae, Lipoptena cervi, that are parasites of elk, deer and other bovine animals, sucking blood and laying eggs in the fur of the host animals.