to have a negative emotional impact; to cause emotional distress or confusion.
to divert, redirect, or alter by disturbing.
to confuse a quiet, constant state or a calm, continuous flow, in particular: thoughts, actions or liquids.
To encourage, urge or incite.
To increase the activity of (a catalyst) by changing its surface structure.
To elevate to a higher league.
To raise (someone) to a more important, responsible, or remunerative job or rank.
To move on to a subsequent stage of education.
To advocate or urge on behalf of (something or someone); to attempt to popularize or sell by means of advertising or publicity.
To exchange (a pawn) for a queen or other piece when it reaches the eighth rank.