An inference about some hypothetical situation based on known facts.
A calculation of an estimate of the value of some function outside the range of known values.
The diametric opposite of interpolation.
An assumption taken to be true for the purpose of argument or investigation.
Used loosely, a tentative conjecture explaining an observation, phenomenon or scientific problem that can be tested by further observation, investigation and/or experimentation. As a scientific term of art, see the attached quotation. Compare to theory, and quotation given there.
The antecedent of a conditional statement.