A word or phrase that is used to replace another in this way.
The use of a word or phrase to replace another with one that is considered less offensive, blunt or vulgar than the word or phrase which it replaces.
The substitution of a descriptive word or phrase for a proper name (a type of circumlocution).
Expressing a grammatical meaning (such as a tense) using a syntactic construction rather than morphological marking.
The use of a longer expression instead of a shorter one with a similar meaning, for example "I am going to" instead of "I will".
The use of a proper name as a shorthand to stand for qualities associated with it.