To ratify; to make valid.
To penalize (a state etc.) with sanctions.
To give official authorization or approval to; to countenance.
An approval, by an authority, generally one that makes something valid.
A penalty, punishment, or some coercive measure, intended to ensure compliance; especially one adopted by several nations, or by an international body.
A law, treaty, or contract, or a clause within a law, treaty, or contract, specifying any of the above.
Command instructing a person to confirm that they are present or that some other objective has been met.
To hold forth about something in an opinionated manner.
Command instructing a person to speak up or acknowledge something.