gauge vs standard

gauge

noun
  • An act of measuring. 

  • Relative positions of two or more vessels with reference to the wind. 

  • A semi-norm; a function that assigns a non-negative size to all vectors in a vector space. 

  • The quantity of plaster of Paris used with common plaster to make it set more quickly. 

  • That part of a shingle, slate, or tile, which is exposed to the weather, when laid; also, one course of such shingles, slates, or tiles. 

  • The depth to which a vessel sinks in the water. 

  • A measure; a standard of measure; an instrument to determine dimensions, distance, or capacity; a standard 

  • Cannabis. 

  • An estimate. 

  • Any instrument for ascertaining or regulating the level, state, dimensions or forms of things 

  • A shotgun (synecdoche for 12 gauge shotgun, the most common chambering for combat and hunting shotguns). 

  • A tunnel-like ear piercing consisting of a hollow ring embedded in the lobe. 

  • A thickness of sheet metal or wire designated by any of several numbering schemes. 

  • The number of stitches per inch, centimetre, or other unit of distance. 

  • A unit of measurement which describes how many spheres of bore diameter of a shotgun can be had from one pound of lead; 12 gauge is roughly equivalent to .75 caliber. 

verb
  • To measure or determine with a gauge; to measure the capacity of. 

  • To estimate. 

  • To mix (a quantity of ordinary plaster) with a quantity of plaster of Paris. 

  • To chip, hew or polish (stones, bricks, etc) to a standard size and/or shape. 

  • To draw into equidistant gathers by running a thread through it. 

  • To appraise the character or ability of; to judge of. 

standard

noun
  • Something used as a measure for comparative evaluations; a model. 

  • The proportion of weights of fine metal and alloy established for coinage. 

  • A level of quality or attainment. 

  • The upper petal or banner of a papilionaceous corolla. 

  • The sheth of a plough. 

  • A collar of mail protecting the neck. 

  • A rule or set of rules or requirements which are widely agreed upon or imposed by government. 

  • An inverted knee timber placed upon the deck instead of beneath it, with its vertical branch turned upward from that which lies horizontally. 

  • One of the upright members that supports the horizontal axis of a transit or theodolite. 

  • A sturdy, woody plant whose upright stem is used to graft a less hardy ornamental flowering plant on, rather then actually planting it. 

  • Any upright support, such as one of the poles of a scaffold. 

  • A manual transmission vehicle. 

  • A bottle of wine containing 0.750 liters of fluid. 

  • A large drinking cup. 

  • standard idiom, a prestigious or standardized language variety; standard language 

  • A tree of natural size supported by its own stem, and not dwarfed by grafting on the stock of a smaller species nor trained upon a wall or trellis. 

  • A musical work of established popularity. 

  • An object supported in an upright position, such as a lamp standard. 

  • The flag or ensign carried by a military unit. 

  • Grade level in primary education. 

adj
  • Having a manual transmission. 

  • Conforming to the standard variety. 

  • Of a usable or serviceable grade or quality. 

  • As normally supplied (not optional). 

  • Falling within an accepted range of size, amount, power, quality, etc. 

  • Having recognized excellence or authority. 

  • Growing alone as a free-standing plant; not trained on a post etc. 

intj
  • An expression of agreement. 

How often have the words gauge and standard occurred in a corpus of books? (source: Google Ngram Viewer )