highway vs turnpike

highway

noun
  • Any public road for vehicular traffic. 

  • A way; a path that leads to a certain destiny 

  • A main public road, especially a multi-lane, high-speed thoroughfare. 

  • A road that is higher than the surrounding land and has drainage ditches at the sides 

  • Synonym of bus (“common connection for two or more circuits or components”) 

verb
  • To travel on a highway 

turnpike

noun
  • A toll road, especially a toll expressway. 

  • A trajectory on a finite time interval that satisfies an optimality criterion which is associated with a cost function. 

  • A gate or bar set across a road to stop carriages, animals, and sometimes people, until a toll is paid, 

  • A frame consisting of two bars crossing each other at right angles and turning on a post or pin, to hinder the passage of animals, but admitting a person to pass between the arms; a turnstile. 

  • A beam filled with spikes to obstruct passage; a cheval de frise. 

  • A winding stairway. 

verb
  • To form (a road, etc.) in the manner of a turnpike road, or into a rounded form, as the path of a road. 

How often have the words highway and turnpike occurred in a corpus of books? (source: Google Ngram Viewer )