road vs turnpike

road

noun
  • Roads in general as a means of travel, especially by motor vehicle. 

  • A partly sheltered area of water near a shore in which vessels may ride at anchor; a roadstead. 

  • A railway or (UK, rail transport) a single railway track. 

  • A path chosen in life or career. 

  • A way or route. 

  • A way used for travelling between places, originally one wide enough to allow foot passengers and horses to travel, now (US) usually one surfaced with asphalt or concrete and designed to accommodate many vehicles travelling in both directions. In the UK both senses are heard: a country road is the same as a country lane. 

  • An underground tunnel in a mine. 

adj
  • At the venue of the opposing team or competitor; on the road. 

turnpike

noun
  • A toll road, especially a toll expressway. 

  • A trajectory on a finite time interval that satisfies an optimality criterion which is associated with a cost function. 

  • A gate or bar set across a road to stop carriages, animals, and sometimes people, until a toll is paid, 

  • A frame consisting of two bars crossing each other at right angles and turning on a post or pin, to hinder the passage of animals, but admitting a person to pass between the arms; a turnstile. 

  • A beam filled with spikes to obstruct passage; a cheval de frise. 

  • A winding stairway. 

verb
  • To form (a road, etc.) in the manner of a turnpike road, or into a rounded form, as the path of a road. 

How often have the words road and turnpike occurred in a corpus of books? (source: Google Ngram Viewer )